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Door Knocker with the Head of an African
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Door Knocker with the Head of an African

Door Knocker with the Head of an African

Date: 16th century
Dimensions:
H 24 x W 13.8 cm (H 9 7/16 x W 5 3/8 in.)
Medium: Wrought Iron
Credit Line: Acquired by Archer M. Huntington for the Hispanic Society, 1906.
Place Made:Spain
Period: Medieval/Renaissance
Culture: Spanish
Not on View
DescriptionDoor Knocker with the Head of an African
16th century
Iron, 24 × 13.8 × 4.4 cm
New York, The Hispanic Society of America, R110

PROVENANCE: Lionel Harris, The Spanish Art Gallery, London, 1906; acquired by Archer M. Huntington, New York, for The Hispanic Society of America, 1906

Late Medieval (Gothic) forms persisted in Spanish ironwork, especially in locks and decorative plates applied to portable drop-front secretaries (vargueños) and chests, through the Golden Age into the 18th century. The post-medieval character of this piece is made clear by the iconography, with a sub-Saharan African head on the hammer of the knocker. Since sub-Saharan Africans were generally not brought to Spain before the beginning of the Portuguese slave trade in the 1440s, the piece could not be earlier than about 1460. The larger forms of the single tracery panel, and the vestigial nature of the buttresses and finials, in fact argue for a later date, in the 16th century; Arthur Byne and Mildred Stapley even suggested the 17th century. The composition is animated by the expression of the face, the protruding Adam’s apple, the hinge wheels with zigzag designs on either side of the hammer below the neck, and the rope-motif rounded band running under the upper frieze between the finials. MB

Texto en Español:

En la forja española, especialmente en los herrajes aplicados a vargueños y arcones, perduraron formas tardomedievales (góticas) a lo largo del Siglo de Oro y hasta el siglo XVIII. El carácter postmedieval de esta pieza se hace patente en la iconografía, con la cabeza de un africano subsahariano en el martillo de la aldaba. Ya que en general no llegaron a España africanos subsaharianos antes del comienzo del comercio de esclavos portugués en la década de 1440, la pieza no podría ser muy anterior a 1460. De hecho, el mayor tamaño de las formas de la placa única de tracería y el carácter residual de los contrafuertes y pináculos abogan por una fecha más tardía, ya en el siglo XVI; Arthur Byne y Mildred Stapley incluso propusieron el XVII. La composición está animada por la expresión del rostro, la protuberante nuez, las ruedas de la bisagra con dibujos en zigzag a uno y otro lado del martillo y más abajo del cuello, y la banda redondeada a manera de cordón que corre bajo el friso superior entre los pináculos. MB

BIBLIOGRAPHY:
BYNE AND STAPLEY 1915 Arthur Byne and Mildred Stapley, Spanish Ironwork. New York: The Hispanic Society of America, 1915, pp. 53-54, fig. 65
DURAND 1938 Anne Sawyer Durand, “Ironwork,” in The Hispanic Society of America Handbook: Museum and Library Collections. New York: The Hispanic Society of America, 1938, pp. 213–39, p. 226
CODDING ( ED. ) 2017 Mitchell A. Codding (ed.), Tesoros de la Hispanic Society: Visiones del mundo hispánico. Madrid, New York: Museo Nacional del Prado, The Hispanic Society of America, 2017, p. 153, no. 51
CODDING ( ED. ) 2018b [English edition] Mitchell A. Codding (ed.), Visions of the Hispanic World: Treasures from The Hispanic Society Museum & Library. New York: The Hispanic Society of America, 2018, no. 51

Accession Number: R110